My takeaway from Alan Kay's 2013 article was that in the future it will be important to invest time into learning deep, complex skills that help us navigate a more complex world.

A great example of such a skill that people learnt relatively recently (~1000s of years ago) is reading and writing. The ability to read and write was a deep, complex skill that unlocked a lot of progress over the last few thousand years. Reading and writing is so important today that we have massive state funded institutions to transfer these skills to children. The literacy rate of a population is a key indicator of its wealth.

Similarly I believe in the future fluency in mathematics, especially statistics and probability will be essential. The future is filled with complicated fuzzy things that can't be reasoned about with simple binary reasoning that most of us tend to use.